Co3O4 Carbon Nanofiber Mats as Negative Electrodes for Sodium-ion Batteries

Co3O4carbon nanofiber (CNF) mats were synthesized by sol-gel electrospinning and carbonization. The tiny Co3O4nanocrystals (6.27 nm) are homogeneously embedded in CNFs predominantly 150 nm in diameter. When applied as negative electrode for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), Co3O4-CNF mat delivered an excellent cycling stability with reversible specific capacity of 400 mA h g 1 at 0.5 C until 700 cycles. This impressed cycling performance is attributed to the nanoconfinement of the high capacity Co3O4nanocrystals into one-dimensional CNF network. Such a conductive CNF mat could not only used as buffering matrix to effectively release the mechanical strain originated from the Na ion insertion/ex-traction, but also prevent the aggregation of Co3O4nanocrystals.